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HMAS ''Darwin'' (FFG 04), named for the capital city of the Northern Territory, is an ''Adelaide''-class guided-missile frigate of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). One of four ships ordered from the United States, ''Darwin'' entered service in 1984. During her career, she has operated in the Persian Gulf, as part of the INTERFET peacekeeping taskforce, and off the Solomon Islands. The frigate underwent a major upgrade during 2007 and 2008, and is actively serving as of 2015. ==Design and construction== (詳細はAustralian light destroyer project in 1973, the British Type 42 destroyer and the American ''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigate were identified as alternatives to replace the cancelled light destroyers and the ''Daring''-class destroyers.〔Jones, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 220〕 Although the ''Oliver Hazard Perry'' class was still at the design stage, the difficulty of fitting the Type 42 with the SM-1 missile, and the success of the ''Perth''-class acquisition (a derivative of the American ''Charles F. Adams''-class destroyer) compared to equivalent British designs led the Australian government to approve the purchase of two US-built ''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class frigates in 1976.〔〔Frame, ''Pacific Partners'', pp. 102, 162〕 A third was ordered in 1977, followed by a fourth (''Darwin''), with all four ships integrated into the USN's shipbuilding program.〔Frame, ''Pacific Partners'', p. 162〕〔MacDougall, ''Australians at war'', p. 345〕〔Hooton, ''Perking-up the Perry class''〕 A further two ships were ordered in 1980, and were constructed in Australia.〔〔 As designed, the ship had a full load displacement of 4,100 tons, a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of .〔Moore (ed.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1977-78 '', p. 25〕〔 Propulsion machinery consists of two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines, which provide a combined to the single propeller shaft.〔Sharpe (ed.), ''Jane's Fighting Ships 1998-99'', p. 26〕 Top speed is , with a range of at .〔 Two electric auxiliary propulsors are used for close manoeuvring, with a top speed of .〔 Standard ship's company is 184, including 15 officers, but excluding the flight crew for the embarked helicopters.〔 Original armament for the ship consisted of a Mark 13 missile launcher configured to fire RIM-66 Standard and RGM-84 Harpoon missiles, supplemented by an gun and a Vulcan Phalanx point-defence system.〔〔 As part of the mid-2000s FFG Upgrade Project, an eight-cell Mark 41 Vertical Launch System was fitted, with a payload of RIM-162 Evolved Sea Sparrow missiles.〔''Australia's Hazard(ous) Frigate Upgrade'', in ''Defense Industry Daily''〕 For anti-submarine warfare, two Mark 32 torpedo tube sets are fitted; originally firing the Mark 44 torpedo, the ''Adelaide''s later carried the Mark 46, then the MU90 Impact following the FFG Upgrade.〔〔Fish & Grevatt, ''Australia's HMAS Toowoomba test fires MU90 torpedo''〕 Up to six machine guns can be carried for close-in defence, and since 2005, two M2HB .50 calibre machine guns in Mini Typhoon mounts have been installed when needed for Persian Gulf deployments.〔〔Scott, ''Enhanced small-calibre systems offer shipborne stopping power''〕 The sensor suite includes an AN/SPS-49 air search radar, AN/SPS-55 surface search and navigation radar, SPG-60 fire control radar connected to a Mark 92 fire control system, and an AN/SQS-56 hull-mounted sonar.〔 Two helicopters can be embarked: either two S-70B Seahawk or one Seahawk and one AS350B Squirrel.〔 The ship was laid down by Todd Pacific Shipyards at Seattle, Washington on 3 July 1981, to the ''Perry'' class Flight III design.〔〔 The ''Adelaide''s were built as part of the United States Navy's construction program, so were assigned USN hull numbers; ''Darwin'' was FFG-44.〔 She was launched on 26 March 1982, and commissioned into the RAN on 21 July 1984.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HMAS Darwin (FFG 04)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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